Squamous Odontogenic Tumor in the Posterior Region of Maxilla.

Squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a rare benign but locally infiltrative tumor often misdiagnosed as other entities, such as ameloblastoma and squamous cell carcinoma, due to overlapping morphological findings. We document here the clinicopathological and imaging findings of an aggressive intraosseous SOT in the posterior left region of the maxilla in a 25-year-old male patient. On intraoral examination, the tumor extended from the region of the left lateral incisor to the upper left premolar and was covered by reddish mucosa, with discrete areas of ulceration. Imaging exams revealed an osteolytic lesion causing thinning, erosion, and buccal and lingual cortical plate perforation associated with an impacted canine. Microscopically, the tumor showed a proliferation of islands of well-differentiated squamous epithelium in a variably collagenized background. The peripheral cells of the islands were flat or slightly cuboidal and did not exhibit nuclei with peripheral palisade and reverse polarization. The diagnosis of SOT was rendered. The patient underwent surgical resection and has been under clinical follow-up for approximately 12 months with no signs of recurrence. A careful morphological evaluation is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure a satisfactory treatment approach.

Maxillary dentigerous cyst showing squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferation: surgical approach and literature review

Squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a rare benign neoplasm of the jaw that likely arises from remnants of the dental lamina. It is a slow-growing lesion, with a radiolucent appearance in the central variant. Microscopically, SOT shows islands of squamous epithelium supported by fibrous stroma. In rare cases, squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferation (SOT-LP) can be observed arising from odontogenic cysts (SOT-LPOC). Herein, we describe the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with discreet bleeding in the maxillary gingiva. Imaging revealed a well-defined, ovoid-shaped lesion with sclerotic margins involving tooth #18 in the intraosseous location. Fine needle aspiration supported the cystic nature of the lesion. After surgery, microscopy revealed a dentigerous cyst showing SOT-LP features. There was no recurrence after a 3-year follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a dentigerous cyst showing SOT-LP features in the maxilla. Such cysts should be identified to avoid misdiagnosis, with the finding having therapeutic and prognostic implications.

Review of 109 cases of primary malignant orofacial lesions seen at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

BACKGROUND: Orofacial malignancy is a growing health issue common in developing regions of the world. Presentation patterns are myriad with geographic variations. Advanced stage owing to late presentation constitutes a significant public health burden. The site and type of the lesions are valuable in diagnosis and patient management. AIM: This study aims to review cases of primary orofacial malignancies at the OAUTHC Dental Hospital. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of histologically diagnosed orofacial malignancies, the relative frequencies, types and site of distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of patients with orofacial malignancies at the OAUTHC, Dental Hospital over a period of 10 years (January 2008-December 2017) were reviewed, demographic data (age, gender and site), history of tobacco use were retrieved and entered into a pro forma. The data obtained were analysed with STATA 11. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Of 375, 109 cases of neoplasms seen were primary malignant tumours, with prevalence rate of 29.1%. There were 71 (65.1%) males and 38 (34.9%) females (male:female ratio of 1.87:1), mean age (48.7 ± 19.3 years) and range (4-94 years). Affected sites were mandible (41, 37.6%), maxilla (39, 35.8%), palate (17, 15.6%) and others. Lesions were mainly squamous cell carcinomas (SCC: 46, 42.2%), salivary gland adenocarcinomas (SGAs, 25, 22.9%) including 8 (32%) cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Others were odontogenic carcinoma (18, 16.5%) and lymphoma (8, 7.3%). Most specimen analysed were hard tissues (n = 63, 57.8%). Thirty-four (73.9%) cases of SCC and 66 (60.6%) cases of primary malignancies were in the 5th-9th decades of life. This was statistically significant at P = 0.000. CONCLUSION: SCC was more prevalent than salivary and odontogenic carcinomas. ACC and mucoepidermoid carcinoma were two most common SGAs. Metastatic tumours to the jaws are rare.

Squamous odontogenic tumor and squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferations in odontogenic cysts: An updated analysis of 170 cases reported in the literature.

PURPOSE: To integrate the available data published on squamous odontogenic tumors (SOT) and squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferations in odontogenic cysts (SOT-LPOC) into a comprehensive analysis of their clinical/radiologic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search was undertaken in January 2017. Eligibility criteria included publications having enough clinical/radiological/histological information to confirm a definite diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 74 publications reporting 110 SOTs (102 central, 8 peripheral) and 60 SOT-LPOC were included. Compared to SOT-LPOC, SOT showed lower mean age, no preference regarding maxilla or mandible localization, significant association with cortical bone perforation, multilocular radiographic appearance, and mobility of the tooth/teeth associated with the lesion. While 5 recurrent SOT were reported after enucleation, no recurrent SOT-LPOC was found. CONCLUSIONS: SOT shows a more aggressive biologic behavior than SOT-LPOC, which supports the hypothesis that the two lesions are distinct clinicopathological conditions.

A squamous odontogenic tumor following an orthodontic micro-screw: A rare case report and review of the literature.

We reported a very rare case of squamous odontogenic tumor(SOT) in a 23-year-old female. The tumor arose after an implanting operation of an orthodontic micro-screw, and was definitely diagnosed by the histopathological examination. Based on the case report and a review of the literature, we discussed about the general features, differential diagnosis and pathogenesis of SOT.

Surgical Management of an Aggressive Multifocal Squamous Odontogenic Tumor.

Squamous odontogenic tumor is a rare benign epithelial odontogenic tumor of the jaw. Most are solitary lesions, although rare multifocal lesions have been described. Maxillary lesions have more aggressive behavior. Because of their benign character, these lesions are usually treated using a conservative surgical approach with curettage and surgical enucleation. This report describes the case of a 29-year-old woman with multifocal lesions who was initially treated with conservative surgical therapy. Early recurrence 6 months after surgery prompted more aggressive resection. This case is discussed in the context of current evidence related to the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and therapy of squamous odontogenic tumors.

Transformación maligna de un tumor odontogénico queratósico con gran componente inflamatorio. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma derived from a keratocystic odontogenic tumor with a large inflammatory component. Case report and a review of the literature

El desarrollo de un carcinoma de células escamosas a partir del revestimiento epitelial de un tumor odontogénico queratósico (TOQ) corresponde a una neoplasia maligna infrecuente exclusiva de los huesos maxilares, denominada también cómo carcinoma de células escamosas intraóseo primario (CCEIP). Afecta principalmente a personas de mediana edad, especialmente a hombres (2:1) y se localiza usualmente en la zona posterior de la mandíbula. Aunque la patogénesis del CCEIP es desconocida y no se le puede atribuir asociación con factores predisponentes para el desarrollo de carcinoma de células escamosas de la mucosa oral, actualmente se refuerza la idea del componente inflamatorio como predisponente de malignización. Se presenta un caso clinicopatológico de un varón de 61 años de edad con diagnóstico de CCEIP derivado de un TOQ con un gran componente inflamatorio asociado (AU)

The development of a squamous cell carcinoma from the epithelial lining of a keratotic odontogenic tumor (KOT) corresponds to a rare malignant neoplasm exclusive to the jawbone, also referred to as primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOC). It mainly affects middle-aged people, especially men (2: 1) and is usually located in the rear area of the jaw. The pathogenesis of PIOC is unknown and no predisposing factor for the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa has been identified. However, many authors support the hypothesis that a component of a chronic inflammatory process could prove to be the underlying factor of malignant change. We present a case of a 61-year-old male diagnosed with PIOC derived from a KOT associated with an extensive inflammatory process (AU)

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma, diagnostic difficulties. A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (COCC) is a rare tumor described by Hansen et al. in 1985. The clinical and radiological manifestations are multiple and the diagnosis is histological. OBSERVATION: A 64-year-old patient consulted us for a right mandibular osteolytic lesion associated to a homolateral labial hypoesthesia. A biopsy was performed under local anesthesia. Histology was consistent with a metastatic lesion of clear kidney cell carcinoma, COCC, or odontogenic squamous tumor. Additional tests eliminated a metastatic lesion. A wide excision of the lesion by hemi-mandibulectomy associated with lymph node dissection and reconstruction by a fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap was performed. Presence of a fission of the EWSR1 gene on the histological examination of the surgical specimen made the diagnosis of COCC. DISCUSSION: Our observation illustrates the difficulty of diagnosing COCC. The new contribution of the cytogenetic techniques such as FISH-type techniques makes possible the improvement of the diagnosis.

Multicentric Squamous Odontogenic Tumor: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a rare benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws. Both intraosseous and peripheral SOTs have been described in the English language literature. While most intraosseous SOTs occur as solitary lesions, a multicentric variant has also been previously described. Although the radiographic and microscopic features are identical for both solitary and multicentric clinical presentations, there are three significant differences between them. More specifically, multicentric SOT presents at an earlier age (third decade of life), has a slightly higher male to female ratio than the solitary type and has a marked predilection for African-Americans. Here we document the eighth reported case of multicentric SOT, which was diagnosed in a 43-year-old African-American male. In addition, we feature focal sebaceous metaplasia, a heretofore unknown microscopic feature of SOT. Clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings are discussed. The differential diagnosis, biological behavior and management modalities for SOT are also addressed.

Prognostic Factors of Primary Intraosseous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PIOSCC): A Retrospective Review.

OBJECTIVES: To delineate clinical and pathological features and determine the prognostic factors of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with PIOSCC, attending the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Nanjing stomatological hospital between 2005 and 2015, were identified and retrospectively reviewed for clinical and pathological characteristics. Therapeutic modalities were measured and related follow-up data recorded, in order to determine prognostic factors of PIOSSC. RESULTS: A total of 77 patients with PIOSCC were included in the study. Mean age at diagnosis was 58.8 years, (range, 37-81 years). Of the 77 patients, there were 58 men and 19 women. The most common location of disease was the mandible (71.42%), particularly the posterior mandible. The common presenting symptoms included jaw swelling (79.2%) and ulceration (42.65%). The estimated 2-year and 5-year overall survival were 68.9% and 38.8%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified the following as negative prognostic factors: histological grade, N classification, nodal status and treatment modalities. However, multivariate analysis determined positive nodal status, high histological grade and advanced N classification as the independent significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate several clinical and pathological features of PIOSCC and identify important prognostic factors associated with overall survival in PIOSCC. These prognostic factors include nodal status, histological grade, N classification, and treatment modalities, all of which are important for patient counseling and may be useful for the development of new treatment approaches.

Molecular genetic study of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

OBJECTIVES: Early detection and treatment of an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is critical because of its rapid growth, frequent lymph-node metastasis, and poor prognosis. However, no clinically-valuable methods of early diagnosis exist, and genetic analysis of OSCCs has yielded no biomarkers. Study DESIGN: We investigated the expression of genes associated with inflammation in OSCCs via a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of microarray data. Tumor and normal tissues from five patients with an OSCC were used for microarray analysis. Differentially-expressed genes, identified using permutation, local pooled error (LPE), t-tests, and significance analysis of microarrays (SAM), were selected as candidate genetic markers. RESULTS: Two groups corresponding to tissue identity were evident, implying that their differentially-expressed genes represented biological differences between tissues. Fifteen genes were identified using the Student's pairedt-test (p < 0.05) and the SAM, with a false discovery rate of less than 0.02. Based on gene expression, these 15genes can be used to classify an OSCC. A genetic analysis of functional networks and ontologies, validated by using a qRT-PCR analysis of the tissue samples, identified four genes, ADAM15, CDC7, IL12RB2 and TNFRSF8,that demonstrated excellent concordance with the microarray data. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that four genes (ADAM15, CDC7, IL12RB2 and TNFRSF8) had potential as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and the treatment of an OSCC

Serum vitamin D levels of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and expression of vitamin D receptor in oral precancerous lesions and OSCC

BACKGROUND: Resistance to programmed cell death (apoptosis) is a crucial factor for the carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Vitamin D (calcitriol) may overcome apoptosis resistance in tumor cells of OSCC. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in oral precancerous lesions of OSCC has not been analyzed and serum vitamin D level seems to be a predictor of cancer development. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Expression of VDR was analyzed in normal oral mucosa (n=5), oral precursor lesions(simple hyperplasia, n=11; squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, SIN I-III, n=35), and OSCC specimen (n=42) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, serum vitamin D levels were measured by 25(OH)D3 (calcidiol) in patients with OSCC (n=42) and correlated with IHC results. RESULTS: Expression of VDR was significantly increased in precancerous and OSCC compared with normal tissue. Compared with SIN I-III lesions VDR expression significantly decreased in OSCC. Severe vitamin D deficiency was detected in our OSCC patient cohort but there was no significant correlation analyzed between serum vitamin D levels and corresponding immunohistochemically detected VDR expression in OSCC. CONCLUSIONS: Our survey provides the first evidence of VDR expression in precancerous lesions of OSCC. Apoptosis induction of VDR+ cells in oral precancerous lesions and OSCC by natural vitamin D or synthetic vitamin D compounds could be useful for chemoprevention. Moreover, systemically and/or locally applied, these compounds may act as sensitizers for apoptosis mediated by radio-, and chemotherapy treatment in OSCC

The large intracellular loop of ptch1 mediates the non-canonical Hedgehog pathway through cyclin B1 in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.

Mutations in the transmembrane receptor patched homolog 1 (Homo sapiens) (ptch1) are responsible for nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), an autosomal dominant disorder that causes developmental abnormalities and predisposes the affected individuals to cancer. Many of these mutations, including mutations in the C-terminus of the large intracellular loop (ICL) of ptch1 (p.C727VfsX745 and p.S733IfsX736), result in the premature truncation of the protein. The ptch1­C727VfsX745 and ptch1-S733IfsX736 mutations have been identified in patients with NBCCS­associated keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs). In the present study, we found that the molecular mechanisms regulated by the non-canonical Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway through cyclin B1 are involved in the pathogenesis of NBCCS-associated KCOTs. In contrast to wild-type ptch1, ptch1-C727VfsX745 and ptch1­S733IfsX736 clearly exhibited reduced binding to cyclin B1. Moreover, the cells expressing these two mutations demonstrated an increase in cell cycle progression and these two mutation constructs failed to inhibit cell proliferation. In addition, the mutants enhanced the activity of glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 1 (GLI1), a downstream reporter of Hh signaling. Thus, our data suggest that the non-canonical Hh pathway mediated through ptch1 and cyclin B1 is involved in the pathogenesis of NBCCS-associated KCOTs. The C-terminus of ICL in ptch1 may also be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of this disease.

Avaliação imuno-histoquímica da BMP-2, BMP-4 e seus receptores BMPRIA e BMPRII em ameloblastomas e tumor odontogênico adenomatóide / Immunohistochemical evaluation of BMP-2, BMP-4 and its BMPRIA and BMPRII receptors in ameloblastomas and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

As BMPs são componentes da superfamília de ligantes do fator transformador de crescimentoß (TGF-ß), secretados no meio extracelular, com mecanismos de comunicação intercelular por meio de ligantes e receptores específicos em diversas células-alvo, sendo reconhecidas por sua influência na indução osteogênica, também desempenhando importante papel na homeostase tecidual, proliferação celular, no controle de diferenciação, além de estar presente no desenvolvimento de diversas neoplasias. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a expressão imuno-histoquímica da BMP-2, BMP-4 e seus receptores BMPRIA e BMPRII em casos de Ameloblastoma e Tumor odontogênico adenomatóide. A amostra foi constituída de 20 casos de Ameloblastoma sólido (AS), 10 casos de Ameloblastoma unicístico (AU) e 16 casos de Tumor odontogênico adenomatóide (TOA). A expressão das BMPs e seus receptores foi avaliada no parênquima e estroma das lesões, estabelecendo-se o percentual de células imunopositivas (0 ­ negativo; 1 - 1% a 10% das células positivas; 2 - 11% a 25% das células positivas; 3 - 26% a 50% das células positivas; 4 - 51% a 75% das células positivas; 5 - mais 75% de células positivas). A análise da expressão de BMP-2 não revelou diferenças estatisticamente significativas no componente parênquimatoso (p = 0,925) e estromal (p = 0,345) entre as lesões estudadas, assim como a BMP-4 (p = 0,873 / p = 0,131). No parênquima, o AS e TOA apresentaram maior frequência do escore 5. Por sua vez, todos os casos de AU foram classificados como escore 5. A análise do componente estromal revelou não haver diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em relação às medianas dos escores de positividade para BMPRIA (p = 0,768) e BMPRII (p = 0,779). No parênquima do AS e do AU, não foram observadas correlações estatisticamente significativas entre as imunoexpressões das proteínas analisadas. Por sua vez, no grupo dos TOAs, foram constatadas correlações positivas, estatisticamente significativas, entre os escores de expressão de todas as proteínas avaliadas. No componente estromal, foram constatadas correlações positivas, estatisticamente significativas, apenas no grupo do AS em BMP-4 e BMPRII (r = 0,476; p = 0,034) e do AU em BMP-4 e BMPRIA (r = 0,709; p = 0,022). Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que as BMPs e seus receptores estão envolvidos no processo de desenvolvimento de tumores odontogênicos. A BMP-4, por sua vez, além de estar presente em tumores odontogênicos possui a capacidade de formação de material mineralizado. (AU)

BMPs are components superfamily ligands transformation growth fator-ß (TGF-ß) secreted into the extracellular environment, with mechanisms of intercellular communication through specific ligands and receptors in various target cells, being recognized for its influence in osteogenic induction, also play an important role in tissue homeostasis, cell proliferation, differentiation control , in addition to being present in the development of various malignancies. The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of BMP-2, BMP-4 and its receptors BMPRIA and BMPRII in cases of ameloblastoma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. The sample consisted of 20 cases of solid ameloblastoma (SA), 10 cases of ameloblastoma unicystic (UA) and 16 cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT). The expression of BMPs and their receptors was evaluated in the parenchyma and stroma of lesions, establishing the percentage of immunopositive cells (0 - negative; 1-1 % to 10 % of cells positive; 2 - 11% to 25% of positive cells; 3 - 26% to 50% of cells positive; 4 - 51% to 75 % of positive cells; 5 - more than 75% positive cells). Analysis of the expression of BMP-2 revealed no statistically significant differences in parenchymal (p = 0.925) and stromal component (p = 0.345) between the groups, as well as BMP-4 (p = 0.873 / p = 0.131). In the epithelial component, SA and AOT had a higher frequency of score 5. In turn, all cases of UA were classified as score 5. The analysis of the stromal component showed no statistically significant difference between groups with respect to median scores BMPRIA positivity (p = 0.768) and BMPRII (p = 0.779). In the epithelial component of SA and UA, no statistically significant correlations between imunoexpression proteins analyzed were observed. In turn, the group of AOT, statistically significant positive correlations between the scores of expression of all studied proteins were found. In the stromal component, statistically significant positive correlations were found only in the SA group in BMP -4 and BMPRII (r = 0.476; p = .034), in the UA in BMP-4 and BMPRIA (r = 0.709; p = 0.022). The results of this study suggest that the BMPs and their receptors are involved in the development process odontogenic tumors. BMP-4, in turn, besides being present in odontogenic tumors have the capacity to form mineralized material. (AU)

Metallothionein immunoexpression in selected benign epithelial odontogenic tumors.

BACKGROUND: Odontogenic tumors exhibited variable biologica behaviors. Metallothionein (MT) is correlated with the cellular homeostasis of essential metals, cellular differentiation, and proliferation. The core goals of this study are (i) to report and to compare MT expression among benign epithelial odontogenic tumors; (ii) to correlate MT with cellular proliferation index; and (iii) to evaluate the influence of the inflammatory infiltrate on MT expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten cases of solid ameloblastomas (SABs), 4 squamous odontogenic tumors (SOTs), 5 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOTs), and 3 calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors (CEOTs) were subjected to immunohistochemical to anti-MT, anti-Ki-67, and anti-PCNA. Statistical analysis was performed using BioEstat(®) 4.0. RESULTS: Metallothionein staining was found to be the highest in the SABs (93.1%), followed by SOTs (52.9%), AOTs (38.4%), and CEOTs (0%). MT staining exhibited statistically significant differences between the SABs and the SOTs (P = 0.0047) and the AOTs (P = 0.0022). A weak-to-strong positive correlation between IMT and IK or IP was observed in SABs and SOTs, whereas a strong negative correlation was observed in AOTs. No differences in IMT, IK, and IP were observed between inflammation groups A and B. CONCLUSIONS: The increased MT expression observed in the SABs might be correlated with clinical behavior (local invasiveness and high rate of recurrence). In the SABs and SOTs, MT plays a role in the stimulation of cellular proliferation. In contrast, MT can inhibit cellular proliferation in the AOT. The IMT, IK, and IP are not affected by inflammation.

Evaluation of p53, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Ki-67 markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma and premalignant epithelium in a sample from Alava Province (Spain)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine whether alterations in the expression of p53, caspase-3 Bcl-2, and ki-67 appear early in premalignant oral epithelium and show clonal behavior. Study Design: Samples from 41 tumors with their adjacent non-tumor epithelia were immunohistochemically analyzed using monoclonal antibodies that recognize p53, caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Ki-67 Results: A statistically significant association was found between the expression in tumor and adjacent epithelium of p53, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 but not of k-67. A significant association was observed between the expression of ki-67 and p53 in both localizations. In non-tumor (premalignant) epithelium samples, there was a significant inverse relationship between the expressions of p53 and caspase-3 and a significant direct relationship between the expressions of p53 and Bcl-2. Conclusions: Alterations in these proteins appear to operate in combination with premalignant epithelia to create hyperproliferative cell states that favor the acquisition of summative oncogenic errors that confer invasive capacity (AU)

erbB expression changes in ethanol and 7, 12- dimethylbenz (a) anthracene-induced oral carcinogenesis

Objetive: The aim of this study was to determine erbB expression in normal mucosa, oral dysplasia, and invasive carcinomas developed in the hamster’s buccal pouch chemical carcinogenesis model. Study design: Fifty Syrian golden hamsters were equally divided in five groups (A-E); two controls and three experimental group exposed to alcohol, DMBA, or both for 14 weeks. Number of tumors per cheek, volume, histological condition, erbB expression were determined and results were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U and Dunn’s test. Results: Control groups and those exposed to alcohol (A, B and C respectively) only presented clinical and histological normal mucosa; while those exposed to DMBA or DMBA plus alcohol (D and E groups) developed dysplasia and invasive carcinomas. erbB2, erbB3, and erbB4 increased their expression in alcohol-exposed mucosa, dysplasia, and invasive carcinomas. We observed a similar expression level for erbB2 in dysplasia and carcinomas; while, erbB3 and erbB4 were similar only in carcinomas. Conclusion: The DMBA and alcohol can be considered as carcinogen and promoter for oral carcinogenesis. TheerbB expression is different according to their histological condition, suggesting differential participation of theerbB family in oral carcinogenesis induced by alcohol and DMBA (AU)

Comportamiento clínico-patológico de odontomas / Clinical and pathological behaviour of odontomas

Introducción: los odontomas son considerados los tumores odontogénicos más comunes, generalmente detectados en exámenes radiográficos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el comportamiento clínico patológico de los odontomas tratados en nuestro servicio en un período de 15 años. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, entre enero de 1996 a diciembre del 2010, a partir de exámenes clínicos, radiográficos y anatomo-patológicos de las historias clínicas de los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Ciro Redondo García, de Artemisa. En 46 pacientes se estudiaron las variables edad, sexo, tamaño, localización del odontoma y clasificación: compuestos o complejos. Resultados: el sexo masculino representó 56,5 por ciento y 43,5 por ciento el femenino, el grupo etario de 15-29 años en ambos sexos representó 41,3 por ciento, 60,9 por ciento de los pacientes eran asintomáticos, 67,4 por ciento de los odontomas estaban localizados en el maxilar, el tamaño de 0 a 3 cm en el maxilar y la mandíbula representó 47,8 por ciento, y el odontoma compuesto apareció en 69,5 por ciento de los pacientes. Conclusiones: predominaron el sexo masculino y las edades de 15 a 29 años, la mayoría de los pacientes eran asintomáticos, los odontomas son de un tamaño de 0 a 3 cm, los más abundantes y el odontoma compuesto fue el más frecuente tanto en el maxilar como en la mandíbula(AU)

Introduction: Odontomas are considered as the most common odontogenic tumors, which are generally detected in X-rays. This paper was aimed at describing the clinical and pathological behavior of odontomes treated in our service for 15 years. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January 1996 to December 2010, based on clinical, radiographic and anatomic and pathological exams found in the medical histories of patients who were operated on at the maxillofacial surgery department of Ciro Redondo Garcia hospital in Artemisa. The variables age, sex, size, location of odontoma and classification into complex or compound were analyzed in 46 patients. Results: Males and females accounted for 56.5 percent and 43.5 percent of the study group; the 15-29 y age group prevailed in 41.3 percent of patients; 60.9 percent were asymptomatic; 67.4 percent of detected odontomas were located in the maxillary, the 0 to 3cm size in the maxillary and the jaw accounted for 47.8 percent whereas compound odontoma occured in 69.5 percent of patients. Conclusions: Males and 15-29 y ages predominated; most of patients were asymptomatic; the most abundant odontomas are 0 to 3cm long and the compound odontoma was the most frequent in both the maxillary and the jaw(AU)

Comportamiento clínico-patológico de odontomas / Clinical and pathological behaviour of odontomas

Introducción: los odontomas son considerados los tumores odontogénicos más comunes, generalmente detectados en exámenes radiográficos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el comportamiento clínico patológico de los odontomas tratados en nuestro servicio en un período de 15 años. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, entre enero de 1996 a diciembre del 2010, a partir de exámenes clínicos, radiográficos y anatomo-patológicos de las historias clínicas de los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Ciro Redondo García, de Artemisa. En 46 pacientes se estudiaron las variables edad, sexo, tamaño, localización del odontoma y clasificación: compuestos o complejos. Resultados: el sexo masculino representó 56,5 por ciento y 43,5 por ciento el femenino, el grupo etario de 15-29 años en ambos sexos representó 41,3 por ciento, 60,9 por ciento de los pacientes eran asintomáticos, 67,4 por ciento de los odontomas estaban localizados en el maxilar, el tamaño de 0 a 3 cm en el maxilar y la mandíbula representó 47,8 por ciento, y el odontoma compuesto apareció en 69,5 por ciento de los pacientes. Conclusiones: predominaron el sexo masculino y las edades de 15 a 29 años, la mayoría de los pacientes eran asintomáticos, los odontomas son de un tamaño de 0 a 3 cm, los más abundantes y el odontoma compuesto fue el más frecuente tanto en el maxilar como en la mandíbula(AU)

Introduction: Odontomas are considered as the most common odontogenic tumors, which are generally detected in X-rays. This paper was aimed at describing the clinical and pathological behavior of odontomes treated in our service for 15 years. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January 1996 to December 2010, based on clinical, radiographic and anatomic and pathological exams found in the medical histories of patients who were operated on at the maxillofacial surgery department of Ciro Redondo Garcia hospital in Artemisa. The variables age, sex, size, location of odontoma and classification into complex or compound were analyzed in 46 patients. Results: Males and females accounted for 56.5 percent and 43.5 percent of the study group; the 15-29 y age group prevailed in 41.3 percent of patients; 60.9 percent were asymptomatic; 67.4 percent of detected odontomas were located in the maxillary, the 0 to 3cm size in the maxillary and the jaw accounted for 47.8 percent whereas compound odontoma occured in 69.5 percent of patients. Conclusions: Males and 15-29 y ages predominated; most of patients were asymptomatic; the most abundant odontomas are 0 to 3cm long and the compound odontoma was the most frequent in both the maxillary and the jaw(AU)